What are PFAS?

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of human-made chemicals that have been used in industry and consumer products worldwide since the 1950s. Their ability to repel water and oil and withstand high temperatures has made PFAS a particularly useful ingredient in industrial and commercial products, including non-stick products, stain- and water-repellent clothing and fire-fighting foams. These chemicals do not easily break down in the environment and have been known to accumulate in the environment and humans. In a nationwide study, low levels of PFAS were determined to be present in the blood of most Americans. Two PFAS, perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), are the most extensively studied of these chemicals.

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1. What are PFAS?
2. Are PFAS regulated by the federal or state government?
3. I keep hearing different numbers referenced for Wisconsin’s PFOA and PFOS drinking water advisories. What does this mean for me, and how do I keep my family safe?
4. What are the health effects of PFAS?
5. How are we exposed to PFAS?
6. How can I reduce my exposure?
7. Should I be worried about dermal (skin) exposure to PFAS?
8. Can I use my tap water for typical household activities?
9. How can I safely feed an infant?
10. Can a medical test show whether I’ve been exposed to PFAS?
11. What is the average amount of PFAS in a person's blood?
12. Who can I contact about health questions related to PFAS?
13. Other Resources for PFAS Information